E

Wilhelm Mayland (1847 - 1925) built a steam sawmill on the property at Ostwall 17 in 1880. In the years 1888 - 1890, a weaving mill was installed, but without its own production. The premises were initially rented out.

It was not until 1909 that Wilhelm Mayland founded the Ebbert & Mayland weaving mill together with his brother-in-law Hubert Ebbert (1883 - 1935).

After H. Ebbert fell off his horse during the St. Georgius Schützenfest in 1935 and died in hospital, the Ebbert family left the company.

In 1937, Willy Mayland (son of the aforementioned Wilh. Mayland) was entered in the commercial register as the sole proprietor. Willy Mayland's only descendant was killed in the Second World War.

The company was completely destroyed in 1945. In 1950, the company passed to Mrs Mayland's siblings, Helene and Moritz Jung. The company, which was rebuilt on a small scale, was managed by Otto Spillner until 1971.

The buildings were then leased to the company Gebr. Essing, Rhede. The business was demolished in 1983.

Lit:
Eduard Westerhoff, The Bocholt textile industry. Unternehmer und Unternehmen, 2nd revised edition, Verlag Temming Bocholt 1984, 255 pp.

The Bocholt artist Jürgen Ebert comes from a family of sculptors. He learnt classical sculpture at the State Sculpture School in Oberammergau from 1973 - 1976 and continued his artistic training at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich from 1976 - 1982, graduating with a diploma.

Jürgen Ebert then settled as a freelance sculptor in his home town of Bocholt and opened his studio with gallery space for bronze sculptures and a sculpture garden at Vardingholter Straße 30.

Jürgen Ebert works mainly with the durable material bronze. He favours figurative work and a naturalistic style of representation. He mainly focusses on the image of man, but animal sculptures also play an important role in his work.

The main theme of his constellations of people in groups of two or three is the interaction and communication with fellow human beings. His sculptures of people express what is all too often neglected in today's media age: having time for each other, listening, being ready for a conversation. This is why the realism in Jürgen Ebert's sculptures is only superficial. The viewer is led to serious reflection.

His works for public spaces show how important the effect of his sculptures in relation to the surrounding architecture is to him.

Sculptures of people and animals as well as abstract works by Jürgen Ebert can be seen in public spaces in many municipalities in North Rhine-Westphalia and also in the Netherlands.

Literature: Alfred Pohlmann, Artists in Bocholt: Zum Werk des Bildhauers Jürgen Ebert, in "UNSER BOCHOLT"J g. 54 (2003) H. 4, p. 88 - 94.

The Giethorst housing estate was built in 1955/56 in response to the great housing shortage in Bocholt. In the north-west of the city, 513 flats were built, which were soon occupied. More than 500 children now lived here and a school was urgently needed. From the outset, Prof. Peter Poelzig's plans for the estate included a site in the centre of the estate for a church, school and kindergarten.

The low-rise school was opened on 1 October 1957. From the outset, 10 classrooms, workrooms, a teaching kitchen and a gymnasium were available.

The first headmaster was Rector Franz Hummert, who led the school from 1957 to 1971, followed by Rector Karl-Heinz Janzen, who led the school until 18 December 1997.

The school is currently managed by headmistress Maria Heling.

As part of the school reform, the school became a Catholic primary school in 1968

Today, the school is a reliable half-day school and the children are looked after by three educational specialists before and after lessons.

The school ceased to exist on 1 August 2009. It was transferred to the Clemens-Dülmer School by council decision.

In its statutes on honours by the City of Bocholt dated 30.5.1997, which came into force on 5.6.1997 and were amended on 16.3.2000, the City of Bocholt defined, among other things, the award of honorary citizenship and the honorary title of honorary mayor.

The conferral and withdrawal of honorary citizenship and the honorary title are governed by the special provisions of Section 34 of the Municipal Code for North Rhine-Westphalia, which reads:

"Honourary citizenship and honorary title"

(1) The municipality may confer honorary citizenship on individuals who have rendered outstanding services to the municipality. It may confer an honorary title on long-serving councillors and honorary civil servants after their retirement.

(2) Resolutions on the conferral or withdrawal of honorary citizenship and on the withdrawal of an honorary title require a majority of two thirds of the legal number of councillors.

The city made the following people honorary citizens:

Beckmann, Albert (23.1.1833-6.7.1922)

Manufacturer

18.6.1922

Quade, Gustav (11.7.1892-31.3.1979)

Pastor of the Protestant parish

30.4.1961

Dülmer, Clemens (30.1.1885-27.11.1967)

Pastor at Liebfrauen

5.6.1959

Becker, Gustav (9.12.1860-20.7.1924)

Chairman of the Bocholt building association, city councillor

11.12.1923

Richter, Franz (9.10.1845-1.4.1930)

Parish priest at St George's

15.7.1917

Kemper, Otto (13.6.1900-12.7.1974)

Lord Mayor

2.6.1972

Hochgartz, Günther (10.7.1918-10.10.2005)

Lord Mayor

15.10.1986

Kayser, Ludwig (17.9.1899-25.11.1984)

Lord Mayor

2.6.1972

Demming, Bernhard (6 Sept. 1930)

Mayor

3.12.1997

Velsen, Max von (31.1.1854-2.11.1935)

Factory owner, city councillor, fire chief of the municipal volunteer fire brigade

18.6.1922

For centuries, the Calvary or Kreuzberg has stood in the east of Bocholt in front of today's St Cross Church in the corner between Münsterstraße and the street "Am Kreuzberg". After parish priest Heinrich Wichertz of St. George's initiated the Good Friday processions to the Cross Mountain in 1691, it became the destination of pilgrimages of supplication and penance for a long series of generations.

The crucifixion group on the three metre high artificial hill was used early on in documents and deeds as a point of reference, for example when describing the location of properties. The first reference to this Calvary can be found in a document from 1537 (uit oren kampe landes ..., soe den myt syn tobehoringe gelegen ys by Bocholte buten der oesterpoerten tegen den berch van Calvarien langeß den Heelen wech an die eyne, vnd an die santbeke bylanx die gude tyt van der anderen syden).

In documents from the years 1447 and 1472, however, there are no references to religious symbols in the corresponding descriptions of the location; there is only a reference to a sand hill in front of the Ostertor, so that according to cautious estimates the crucifixion group was probably erected on the sand fill around ± 1500.

According to legend, a hermit laboured for years with his pannier to bring sand from the Hohenhorst mountains and gradually piled up the mound for the Calvary in order to pay off a heavy debt - in the truest sense of the word. The story has at least one real background, namely that there was a small church with a hermitage called the "Chapel of the Cross" not far from the Hill of the Cross. The chapel and hermitage are said to have been located opposite the Kreuzberg on the other side of the road from Bocholt to Rhede - roughly at the level of today's Israhel van Meckenem secondary school.

The first hermit in the hermitage on the Kreuzberg was Anselm Gildehaus, who had converted from Reformed Christianity to the Catholic faith. He received permission from the Bocholt town council to build a hermitage on this site, which was also approved by the vicar general and the archdeacon. Later, Gildehaus " had borrowed a chapel from the vicar of Bockholt", which led to a dispute between the hermit and the vicar general and the archdeacon in 1713 due to unauthorised structural alterations. It is not clear from the archival documents how long the hermitage and chapel had existed before 1713, so that nothing can be said about their foundation dates.

In the mid-18th century, Sebastian Bast and Maximilian Schulenkamp - two Franciscan tertiaries - lived in the hermitage. In 1765, a hermit named Bruno asked the bishop for permission to collect money from several offices in the diocese to finance repairs to the chapel. In the information requested by the vicar general about its reputation, parish priest Johann Bernard Scotus Breving points out that the chapel is of great religious importance because of the annual Good Friday procession to the Kreuzberg.

According to the minutes of April 1802 on the sale of the demolition material, it was demolished in 1801 and the material that could still be utilised was sold in the early months of the following year.

Among the documents from 1713 relating to the alterations Anselm Gildehaus made to the Kreuzkapelle is a schematic sketch of the ground plan, which gives an approximate picture of the building. It was a hexagonal central building whose main axis, given by the portal and the chancel extension opposite it, probably ran in an east-west direction, assuming that the altar faced east. No dimensions are given in the sketch, so that no concrete information about the size of the chapel is possible. The above-mentioned sales record from 1802 indicates that "Backsteine" and "Baumberger Steine" formed the structure. It was probably finished with a curved roof dome, as is known from many polygonal Baroque chapels in our region.

References and sources:

Franz J. Belting: The Kreuzberg in Bocholt. A historical review on the occasion of its remodelling in 1978. In: Unser Bocholt 29 (1978), H. 4, pp. 23-27.
Erhard Mietzner: "buten der oesterpoerten tegen den berch van Calvarien" - A contribution to the history of the Kreuzberg. In: Our Bocholt 59 (2008), H. 4, pp. 7-11.
Heinz Terhorst: Chronicle of the church history of the town of Bocholt from the beginnings to 1900 (Bocholter Quellen und Beiträge 8), Bocholt 1998
Stadtarchiv Bocholt: Copialbuch des Gasthauses, Urk. No. 21 and 69; K 542, No. 860.
St George's parish archive, Bocholt: documents of the vicarage of S. Crucis, no. 61.
Diocesan Archives Münster: General Vicariate, Bocholt St. Georg, A 94.

n 25 September 1894, Joh. Bernh. Geuting zu Spork acquired a plot of land at Karolingerstr. 15 from the factory worker Jos. Wilh. Eimers, Bocholt. In 1896, his brother Th. Geuting erected a three-storey hotel building in neo-Gothic style there. In 1897, an extension was added for a so-called Arab café. The furnishings were extremely extravagant. The building changed owners and regulations changed. Destroyed in 1945, the Arab Café became the subject of the poem "Calais 1918" by Ludwig Bußhoff.

Lit:
Ludwig Bußhoff, Calais 1918, in: UNSER BOCHOLT, vol. 50 (1999),., h. 4, p. 166.
Wilhelm Seggewiß, Addendum or correction to "Bocholter Straßen erzählen Geschichte", in: UNSER BOCHOLT, vol. 41 (1990) p. 1, p. 35.
Günter Wevers, Eispalast "Arabisches Café", History of the house at Karolingerstraße no. 15, in: UNSER BOCHOLT, vol. 40 (1989), no. 4, pp. 21-22.

Hermann Elshorst (1886 - 1941), son-in-law of Kommerzienrat Max Herding, had the above-mentioned company entered in the commercial register in 1912. The raw weaving mill, which had 160 looms in 1924, operated in the building of the Herding spinning and weaving mill, Industriestr. 3. The Elshorst company is no longer listed in the 1929 address book of the town of Bocholt.

Lit:
Eduard Westerhoff, Die Bocholter Textilindustrie, 2nd edition, 1984

It is impossible to imagine the history of Bocholt's craftsmen without Gerhard Elsinghorst. In 1850, he was the first blacksmith in the western Münsterland region to start making cookers from sheet iron in his forge in Gartenstraße. In doing so, he paved the way for lighter and cheaper, but also more efficient production. The first high-legged stoves with cast-iron picture panels, with biblical themes from the "St. Michaelis ironworks" in Lieder, which had replaced open fires at the beginning of the 19th century, had to give way to progress.

The invention of the new "cocking machine" heralded progress. The Saar region, Belgium and Holland were already among the company's export countries before the First World War. In 1880, the company switched from manual to mechanical production. Before the turn of the 20th century, the demand for the tried and tested cookers from the Elsinghorst workshop had increased enormously. A division of labour between the founder's three sons had become necessary. Johann Bernhard, who had meanwhile taken over his father's business, founded the first Bocholt cooker factory in 1885, while Heinrich built a spacious sales outlet in his parents' house and Wilhelm set up a branch at the Kornmarkt in Wesel. Development continued at a rapid pace. An oven with a suspended coal box is offered for the first time in a brochure. The ovens were fitted with trap doors, which was considered quite modern at the time. Around the same time, commercial kitchen ovens were also part of Elsinghorst's production programme.

After the Second World War, the many bombed-out families needed a new cooker. From then on, nothing could stop the development of the modern, practical design. The coal-fired cooker now looked as slim, clean and simple as the gas and electric cooker. In 1952, the company launched a complete range of cookers. The coal cooker was now produced as an additional cooker to the electric and gas cooker. In 1952, the cooker with the illuminated oven appeared. The baking process could be observed through a glass door without the food suffering. The company, which was last located in Westend, was shut down in 1971.

Lit:
Unspecified, For four generations Elsinghorst, UNSER BOCHOLT Jg. 1 (1950) H. 2, pp. 48-49.
Ch.v.L., Own cooker is worth its weight in gold, UNSER BOCHOLT Jg. 10 (1960) H. 2, p. 42-44.

"England" was the popular name for today's Leopoldstraße. When the Ludwig Schwartz company set up English spinning machines in its spinning mill in the 1970s and 1980s - it was located on the site of today's Protestant church - one of the English fitters took up residence in what is now Leopoldstraße. The behaviour and appearance of this honourable man must have been so "environmentally" influential that the people of Bocholt simply but clearly referred to his residential area as "England".

Lit:
Werner Schneider, In drei Stunden nach England, Rom und Jericho, in: UNSER BOCHOLT, vol. 9 (1958) p. 3, pp. 8-15.

The Ernst-Pauls-Weg was named after the rector and hospital chaplain at St Agnes Hospital, Ernst Pauls (1902-1979).

Lit:
Wilhelm Seggewiß, Bocholter Straßen erzählen Geschichte, in: UNSER BOCHOLT Jg. 40 (1989), H. 3, p. 63.
Gerhard Schmalstieg, Straßennamen in Bocholt nach nur hier bekannten Personen, in: UNSER BOCHOLT Jg. 55 (2004) H. 4, p. 53-72.